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HEXAGRAM 43 / LOWER CANON

夬 Guài

Resolution

Declaring a decision · Public declaration

01 / THE EARLY TEXT

The words themselves.

An interpretive English translation. Read the translation notes. Six and nine name line types; positions run from bottom to top.

  1. 夬:揚于王庭,孚號,有厲,告自邑,不利即戎,利有攸往。

    Guai: Announce it at the royal court. A trustworthy cry; there is danger. Make the announcement from one's own settlement. Unfavorable to resort to arms; favorable to have somewhere to go.

  2. 初九:壯于前趾,往不勝為咎。

    Nine at the beginning: Strength in the forward toes. Going without prevailing brings blame.

  3. 九二:惕號,莫夜有戎,勿恤。

    Nine in the second place: An alarmed cry. Armed danger at dusk or night; do not worry.

  4. 九三:壯于頄,有凶。君子夬夬,獨行遇雨,若濡有慍,无咎。

    Nine in the third place: Strength in the cheekbones. There is misfortune. The noble person is resolute, walks alone, and meets rain; soaked and resented, yet without blame.

  5. 九四:臀无膚,其行次且。牽羊悔亡,聞言不信。

    Nine in the fourth place: No skin on the buttocks; walking with difficulty. Leading a sheep, regret disappears. Hearing words but not believing them.

  6. 九五:莧陸夬夬,中行无咎。

    Nine in the fifth place: Resolutely dealing with luxuriant weeds. A middle course brings no blame.

  7. 上六:无號,終有凶。

    Six at the top: No cry. Misfortune in the end.

02 / A POSSIBLE CONTEXT

What might the question have been?

Should a major conflict be announced at the royal court, and is immediate military action justified?

A possible setting

A leader prepares to confront an opponent or a crisis. The decision requires a declaration at court and a warning issued from the leader's own settlement.

How the words respond

The judgment calls for a public announcement but warns against rushing to arms. An impetuous first step fails. Night alarms, rain, injury, and difficult vegetation give different settings for caution. The last line warns about the absence of a cry or warning.

READING THREAD

Declaration and readiness precede action. The judgment explicitly distinguishes a decision from immediate warfare.

This scenario adapts the Chinese edition's historical reading. It is a possible reconstruction, not an established single event or the only interpretation.