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HEXAGRAM 47 / LOWER CANON

困 Kùn

Confinement

Confinement and seeking help · Distress and words not believed

01 / THE EARLY TEXT

The words themselves.

An interpretive English translation. Read the translation notes. Six and nine name line types; positions run from bottom to top.

  1. 困:亨,貞大人吉,无咎,有言不信。

    Kun: Success. The determination is auspicious for a great person. No blame. Words are spoken but not believed.

  2. 初六:臀困于株木,入于幽谷,三歲不覿。

    Six at the beginning: The buttocks confined against a tree stump. Entering a dark valley; for three years seeing no one.

  3. 九二:困于酒食,朱紱方來,利用亨祀,征凶,无咎。

    Nine in the second place: Confined amid wine and food. A vermilion sash is coming. Favorable to make a sacrificial offering. Advancing is inauspicious; no blame.

  4. 六三:困于石,據于蒺藜,入于其宮,不見其妻,凶。

    Six in the third place: Confined against stone, leaning on thorns. Entering the house and not seeing one's wife. Inauspicious.

  5. 九四:來徐徐,困于金車,吝,有終。

    Nine in the fourth place: Coming slowly, confined by a metal carriage. Distress, but there is an end.

  6. 九五:劓刖,困于赤紱,乃徐有說,利用祭祀。

    Nine in the fifth place: Nose and feet cut off, confined by red sashes. Gradually there is release. Favorable to make an offering.

  7. 上六:困于葛藟,于臲卼,曰動悔。有悔,征吉。

    Six at the top: Confined by vines, in an unstable place. Saying, “Movement brings regret.” There is regret; advancing is auspicious.

02 / A POSSIBLE CONTEXT

What might the question have been?

When besieged, punished, or short of supplies, can someone obtain help or make their words believed?

A possible setting

The body is trapped against wood or stone; food, ceremonial sashes, a metal carriage, and vines appear as further sources of restriction. The images allow military, penal, and political settings.

How the words respond

The judgment says that speech goes untrusted. Early lines depict long isolation, frustrated movement, and an absent wife. Help comes slowly. Bodily punishment is followed by gradual release and ritual action. The final line allows a favorable departure despite regret.

READING THREAD

Both physical movement and social standing are constrained. The inability to be believed is central to this reading.

This scenario adapts the Chinese edition's historical reading. It is a possible reconstruction, not an established single event or the only interpretation.